2 parts of skin are the Epidermis and the Dermis
*****Esthetician's focus on the Epidermis*****
Epidermis is outermost layer of the skin. There are 5 layers of the epidermis. (strata) upper most layer being the
Stratum Corneum this layer is very thin, but it is wateproof, permeable, regenerative and detoxifies the body and responds to stimuli (massage, hot and cold)
Stratum Lucidum located under the stratum corneum clear translucent layer made of small cells, found On palms of hands and soles of feet. The layer forms our unique fingerprints and and feet prints, it’s the layer that creates the ridges in your hands and feet for grip.
Stratum Granulosum another layer down these cells resemble granular and are filled with keratin. Keratin and lipid production begins in this layer. As these cells keratinize the push up towards the surface or stratum corneum layer. providing triglycerides,ceramics,waxes and other lipids
Stratum Spinosum the spiny layer above the basal layer. Cells are constantly dividing and changing shape for the ascending process. Enzymes are also creating lipid and proteins. this layer is called the spiny layer because the cells have appendages that help connect to strengthen and hold cells together. immune cells are also found here and protect body from infection and identifying foreign material.
Stratum Germinativum or the Basal layer. found above the papillary layer of the dermis composed of basal layer. The lowest layer of the epidermis cell mitosis or (division and multiplication).
Cells in this layer produce lipid that hold cells together. this layer is also the home to melanocytes cells these produce melanin.
merkel and sensory cells (touch receptors)
Dermis live layer of connective tissue below the epidermis. 25 times thicker than the epidermis. 2 layers Papilary layer and Reticular layer. Support structure and nourishes the lower epidermis. connective tissue made of collagen protein and elastin fibers. contains blood and lymph vessels.
This layer contains capillaries, subaceous oil gland, sudoriferous sweat glands, nerves, additional receptors arrector pili muscles.
written by L. Brabson
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